因為最近有程序需要在java環境下獲取網卡ID，研究了SUN網站的相關資料（感謝令公子的連接）。
測試整理了一下，分享給大家。
思路是通過調用windows環境下的ipconfig命令和Linux環境下的ifconfig命令來獲取網卡信息：
分為四個程序文件：
test.java;NetworkInfo.java;WindowsNetworkInfo.java;LinuxNetworkInfo.java
//--------------test.java--------
package netcardinfo;

public class test {
public test() {
}
public NetworkInfo nti = new WindowsNetworkInfo();
public static void main(String[] args) {
test test1 = new test();
try {
 System.out.println("Network infos");
 System.out.println("Operating System:" + System.getProperty("os.name"));
 System.out.println("IP/Localhost:" + test1.nti.getLocalHost());
 System.out.println("MAC Address:" + test1.nti.getMacAddress());
 System.out.println("Domain:" + test1.nti.getNetworkDomain());
 }
 catch(Throwable t) {
 t.printStackTrace();
 }
}
}
//---------end file---------

//-----------NetworkInfo.java----------
package netcardinfo;

import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.text.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.regex.*;
public abstract class NetworkInfo{
private static final String LOCALHOST = "localhost";
public static final String NSLOOKUP_CMD = "nslookup";
public abstract String parseMacAddress() throws ParseException;
/** Not too sure of the ramifications here, but it just doesn't seem right */
public String parseDomain() throws ParseException {return parseDomain(LOCALHOST);}
/** Universal entry for retrieving MAC Address */
public final static String getMacAddress() throws IOException {
 try {
NetworkInfo info = getNetworkInfo();
String mac = info.parseMacAddress();
return mac;
 }
 catch(ParseException ex)
{ ex.printStackTrace();
throw new IOException(ex.getMessage());
}
 }
/** Universal entry for retrieving domain info */
public final static String getNetworkDomain() throws IOException{
try {
 NetworkInfo info = getNetworkInfo();
 String domain = info.parseDomain();
 return domain;
 }
catch(ParseException ex)
{ex.printStackTrace();
 throw new IOException(ex.getMessage());
}
}
protected String parseDomain(String hostname) throws ParseException{
// get the address of the host we are looking for - verification
 java.net.InetAddress addy = null;
 try {
addy = java.net.InetAddress.getByName(hostname);
}
catch ( UnknownHostException e ) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new ParseException(e.getMessage(),0);
}
// back out to the hostname - just validating
hostname = addy.getCanonicalHostName();
String nslookupCommand = NSLOOKUP_CMD + " " + hostname;
// run the lookup command
String nslookupResponse = null;
 try {
nslookupResponse = runConsoleCommand(nslookupCommand);
}
catch ( IOException e ){
e.printStackTrace();
throw new ParseException(e.getMessage(), 0);
}
 StringTokenizer tokeit = new StringTokenizer(nslookupResponse,"\n",false);
while( tokeit.hasMoreTokens() )
{ String line = tokeit.nextToken();
if( line.startsWith("Name:")){line = line.substring(line.indexOf(":") + 1);
line = line.trim();
if( isDomain(line, hostname)){line = line.substring(hostname.length()+1);
return line;
}
}
}
return "n.a.";
}
private static booleanisDomain(String domainCandidate, String hostname)
{ Pattern domainPattern = Pattern.compile("[\\w-]+\\.[\\w-]+\\.[\\w-]+\\.[\\w-]+");
Matcher m = domainPattern.matcher(domainCandidate);
return m.matches() && domainCandidate.startsWith(hostname);
}
protected String runConsoleCommand(String command) throws IOException {
Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
InputStream stdoutStream = new BufferedInputStream(p.getInputStream());
StringBuffer buffer= new StringBuffer();
for (;;) {
 int c = stdoutStream.read();
 if (c == -1) break;
 buffer.append((char)c);
 }
 String outputText = buffer.toString();
 stdoutStream.close();
 return outputText;
}
/** Sort of like a factory... */
private static NetworkInfo getNetworkInfo() throws IOException {
 String os = System.getProperty("os.name");
 if(os.startsWith("Windows")) {
 return new WindowsNetworkInfo();
}
 else if(os.startsWith("Linux")) {
 return new LinuxNetworkInfo();
 }
 else {
 throw new IOException("unknown operating system: " + os);
 }
}
protected String getLocalHost() throws ParseException {
 try {
 return java.net.InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();
 }
 catch (java.net.UnknownHostException e ) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new ParseException(e.getMessage(), 0);
 }
}
}
//----------end file-------------

//---------------WindowsNetworkInfo.java-------------
package netcardinfo;

import java.io.*;
import java.text.*;
import java.util.regex.*;
public class WindowsNetworkInfo extends NetworkInfo{
public static final String IPCONFIG_COMMAND = "ipconfig /all";
public String parseMacAddress() throws ParseException {
// run command
String ipConfigResponse = null;
try {
ipConfigResponse = runConsoleCommand(IPCONFIG_COMMAND);
}
catch ( IOException e ) {
 e.printStackTrace();
throw new ParseException(e.getMessage(), 0);
}
// get localhost address
String localHost =getLocalHost();
java.util.StringTokenizer tokenizer = new java.util.StringTokenizer(ipConfigResponse, "\n");
String lastMacAddress = null;
while(tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()){
String line = tokenizer.nextToken().trim();
// see if line contains IP address, this means stop if we've already seen a MAC address
if(line.endsWith(localHost) && lastMacAddress != null){
return lastMacAddress;
}
// see if line might contain a MAC address
int macAddressPosition = line.indexOf(":");
if(macAddressPosition <= 0) {continue;}
// trim the line and see if it matches the pattern
 String macAddressCandidate = line.substring(macAddressPosition + 1).trim();
 if(isMacAddress(macAddressCandidate)) {
lastMacAddress = macAddressCandidate;
continue;
}
}
 ParseException ex = new ParseException("Cannot read MAC address from [" + ipConfigResponse + "]", 0);
 ex.printStackTrace();
 throw ex;}
private static boolean isMacAddress(String macAddressCandidate){
Pattern macPattern = Pattern.compile("[0-9a-fA-F]{2}-[0-9a-fA-F]{2}-[0-9a-fA-F]{2}-[0-9a-fA-F]{2}-[0-9a-fA-F]{2}-[0-9a-fA-F]{2}");
Matcher m = macPattern.matcher(macAddressCandidate);
return m.matches();
}
}
//--------------end file--------------

//------------LinuxNetworkInfo.java----------
package netcardinfo;

import java.io.*;
import java.text.*;
public class LinuxNetworkInfo extends NetworkInfo{
public static final String IPCONFIG_COMMAND = "ifconfig";
public String parseMacAddress() throws ParseException{
 String ipConfigResponse = null;
 try {
 ipConfigResponse = runConsoleCommand(IPCONFIG_COMMAND);
 }
catch ( IOException e ) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new ParseException(e.getMessage(), 0);
}
String localHost = null;
try {
localHost = java.net.InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();
}
catch(java.net.UnknownHostException ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
throw new ParseException(ex.getMessage(), 0);
}
java.util.StringTokenizer tokenizer = new java.util.StringTokenizer(ipConfigResponse, "\n");
String lastMacAddress = null;
while(tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
String line = tokenizer.nextToken().trim();
boolean containsLocalHost = line.indexOf(localHost) >= 0;
// see if line contains IP address
if(containsLocalHost && lastMacAddress != null) {
return lastMacAddress;
}
// see if line contains MAC address
 int macAddressPosition = line.indexOf("HWaddr");
if(macAddressPosition <= 0) {continue;}
String macAddressCandidate = line.substring(macAddressPosition + 6).trim();
if(isMacAddress(macAddressCandidate)) {
 lastMacAddress = macAddressCandidate;
 continue;
 }
 }
 ParseException ex = new ParseException("cannot read MAC address for " + localHost + " from [" + ipConfigResponse + "]", 0);
 ex.printStackTrace();
 throw ex;
 }
 public StringparseDomain(String hostname)
 throws ParseException {return "";}
 private final boolean isMacAddress(String macAddressCandidate) {
if(macAddressCandidate.length() != 17) return false;
return true;}
}
程序在jdk1.4，windows2000下編譯測試通過，Linux環境需對test.java略做修改，條件所限未測試。