這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關于MySQL如何修改賬號的IP限制條件的相關資料，文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細，對大家的學習或者工作具有一定的參考學習價值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來一起學習學習吧。

前言

最近在工作中遇到一個需求：修改MySQL用戶的權限，需要限制特定IP地址才能訪問，第一次遇到這類需求，結果在測試過程，使用更新系統權限報發現出現了一些問題， 具體演示如下.

注意：下面測試環境為MySQL 5.6.20. 如有其它版本與下面測試結果有出入，請以實際環境為準。

我們先創建一個測試用戶LimitIP，只允許192.168段的IP地址訪問，具體權限如下所示：

mysql> GRANT SELECT ON MyDB.* TO LimitIP@'192.168.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'LimitIP';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> GRANT INSERT ,UPDATE,DELETE ON MyDB.kkk TO LimitIP@'192.168.%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> 
 
mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.%';
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  Grants for LimitIP@192.168.%                      
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC'  
  GRANT SELECT ON `MyDB`.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.%'                 
  GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `MyDB`.`kkk` TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.%'            
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql>

假設現在收到需求：這個用戶只允許這個IP地址192.168.103.17訪問，于是我打算更新mysql.user表，如下所示：

mysql> select user, host from mysql.user where user='LimitIP';
+---------+-----------+
  user   host   
+---------+-----------+
  LimitIP   192.168.%  
+---------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> update mysql.user set host='192.168.103.17' where user='LimitIP';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> select user, host from user where user='LimitIP';
ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
 
Database changed
mysql> select user, host from user where user='LimitIP';
+---------+----------------+
  user   host    
+---------+----------------+
  LimitIP   192.168.103.17  
+---------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.103.17';
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  Grants for LimitIP@192.168.103.17                      
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC'  
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql>

上面測試發現，如果這樣只修改mysql.user表， 那么之前的權限沒有了，如下所示，如果你查詢mysql.db、 mysql.tables_priv 發現Host的字段值依然為192.168.%

mysql> select * from mysql.db where user='LimitIP'\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
     Host: 192.168.%
     Db: MyDB
     User: LimitIP
   Select_priv: Y
   Insert_priv: N
   Update_priv: N
   Delete_priv: N
   Create_priv: N
   Drop_priv: N
   Grant_priv: N
  References_priv: N
   Index_priv: N
   Alter_priv: N
Create_tmp_table_priv: N
  Lock_tables_priv: N
  Create_view_priv: N
  Show_view_priv: N
 Create_routine_priv: N
 Alter_routine_priv: N
   Execute_priv: N
   Event_priv: N
   Trigger_priv: N
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
ERROR: 
No query specified
 
mysql> select * from mysql.tables_priv where user='LimitIP'\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
  Host: 192.168.%
   Db: MyDB
  User: LimitIP
 Table_name: kkk
 Grantor: root@localhost
 Timestamp: 0000-00-00 00:00:00
 Table_priv: Insert,Update,Delete
Column_priv: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
ERROR: 
No query specified

所以我繼續修改 mysql.db、 mysql.tables_priv 表，然后測試驗證終于OK了（請見下面測試步驟），當然如果賬戶的權限不止這幾個層面，你可能還必須修改例如mysql.columns_priv、mysql.procs_priv等表

mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.%';
ERROR 1141 (42000): There is no such grant defined for user 'LimitIP' on host '192.168.%'
mysql> 
mysql> 
mysql> update mysql.db set host='192.168.103.17' where user='LimitIP';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
 
mysql> update mysql.tables_priv set host='192.168.103.17' where user='LimitIP';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.103.17';
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  Grants for LimitIP@192.168.103.17                      
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC'  
  GRANT SELECT ON `MyDB`.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17'                 
  GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `MyDB`.`kkk` TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17'            
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql>

如果需要修改用戶的IP限制，其實更新mysql相關權限表不是上上策，其實有更好的方法，那就是RENAME USER Syntax

mysql> RENAME USER 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17' TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> show grants for 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18';
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  Grants for LimitIP@192.168.103.18                      
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC'  
  GRANT SELECT ON `MyDB`.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18'                 
  GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `MyDB`.`kkk` TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18'            
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql>

總結

以上就是MySQL修改賬號的IP限制條件的方法詳解的詳細內容，更多請關注php中文網其它相關文章！